sewing concepts

sewing concepts

Shoelaces

Shoelaces (also shoestrings, shoe laces or boot laces) are a system commonly used to secure shoes. The shoelace can be untied and loosened, permitting the shoe to open wide to admit the wearer's foot; it can then be tightened and knotted into a bow shaped knot. Shoelaces did not become widely popular until the 20th century. Previously shoes were slip-on, buckled, or buttoned. Buttoned shoes used a special tool, a button hook, to close the buttons, but this was slow and difficult.

sew-on">http://www.himfr.com/buy-sew-on_velcro/">sew-on velcroIt is as difficult to determine the exact history of shoelaces as it is for shoes. Archaeological records of footwear are rare because shoes were generally made of materials that deteriorated readily. The first "shoes" worn by primitive humans would most likely have been a simple hide or covering bound to the foot with either leather thongs, grasses or some form of twine. The recent discovery of the bronze-age ?tzi the Iceman, who lived around 3000 BC, revealed fairly complex insulated leather shoes bound with "shoelaces" made of lime bark string.

As for shoelaces in the sense that we know them today, the Museum of London has documented examples of medieval footwear dating from as far back as the 12th century, which clearly show the lacing passing through a series of hooks or eyelets down the front or side of the shoe.

Traditional shoelaces were made of leather, cotton, jute, hemp or other materials used in the manufacture of rope. Modern shoelaces often incorporate various synthetic fibers, which are generally more slippery and thus more prone to coming undone than those made from traditional fibers. However, synthetic shoelaces often look better and wear longer.

The small plastic or metal sheath on the end of shoelaces, which both keeps the twine from unraveling and also makes it easier to hold the lace and feed it through the eyelets, is called an aglet (or aiglet).

Shoelaces with a flat cross-section are generally easier to hold and stay tied more securely than those with a round cross-section. Very wide flat laces are often called "fat laces". Leather shoelaces with a square cross-section, which are very common on boat shoes, are notoriously prone to coming undone. Shoelaces can be coated, either in the factory or with aftermarket products, to increase friction and help them stay tied.

Shoelaces can be tied with almost any type of knot. The most common bow, however, is a variant on two half knots tied one on top of the other. The second half-knot is looped in order to allow for quick untying.

It's important that the two half knots be performed with opposite orientation in order to produce a reliable knot. A right-over-left half knot followed by a left-over-right half knot (or vice versa) forms a square or reef knot, a fairly effective knot for the purpose of tying shoelaces. However, tying two consecutive right-over-left half knots (or two consecutive left-over-right half knots) forms a granny knot, which is much less secure. Most people who use it will find themselves regularly retying their shoelaces.

You can generally tell if you have produced the square or granny knot by the direction in which the loops lie. If they lie across the shoe (ie. left to right), you have probably made a square knot. If they lie along the shoe (ie. heel to toe), you have probably made a granny knot and should teach yourself the other.

Many people who are inadvertently tying granny knots combat the problem of shoelaces coming untied by using the free loops to tie a third half knot. Although effective, this comes at the expense of making it a much more difficult procedure to untie the shoelaces.

There are several more secure alternatives to the common shoelace bow, with names such as Turquoise Turtle Shoelace Knot (or Shoemaker's Knot), Better Bow Shoelace Knot, Surgeon's Shoelace Knot, and Ian's Secure Shoelace Knot (or Double Slip Knot). These are all variations of the same concept of looping the top part of the knot twice instead of once, which results in a finished bow of almost identical appearance but with the laces wrapped twice around the middle. This double-wrap holds the shoelaces more securely tied whilst still allowing them to be untied with a (slightly firmer) pull on the loose ends.

This refers to the process of running the shoelaces through the holes, eyelets, loops or lugs to form the closure of the sides of the shoe. Mathematically, there are almost 2 trillion ways to lace a shoe with six pairs of eyelets.[2][3][4] The most common method, termed "Criss Cross Lacing," is also one of the strongest and most efficient, especially compared to other more decorative methods that are generally more difficult to tighten or loosen.

One of the most popular decorative methods, termed "Checkerboard Lacing", is actually near impossible to tighten or loosen, thus the shoe is effectively considered to be a "slip-on."

Various methods of "Straight Lacing" (also known as "Bar Lacing") are also very popular, especially on dress shoes where the sides of the shoe come together in the middle.

Shoe lacing methods are also chosen for their functional benefits. For example, being faster or easier to tighten or loosen, binding more tightly, being more comfortable, using up more lace or less lace, adjusting fit, preventing slippage. It has been demonstrated that the traditional methods of lacing (for example cross-lacing) are the strongest.[3]

Using standard shoes and standard shoelaces, a process patent was granted for lacing in a double-helix pattern "resulting in reduced friction and faster and easier tightening and loosening." Another process patent was issued for an alternative way of tying shoelaces.

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Does this sound like too much work?

My Freshman year in high school, I plan to take Honors English, Honors Biology 1, Spanish 2, and PE for the first two quarters, Honors Algebra 2, Honors US History 1, Spanish 3 and Sewing Concepts for the third quarter, and Honors Algebra 2, Honors US History 1, Spanish 3, and Sewing Techniques for the final quarter. As far as extracurriculars go, I want to be in the book club, the school paper, the animal rights club, the model legislative league, and pilates, outside of school, doing tennis and, maybe, jujitsu. Does this sound like overkill?
book club meets once every other week
the school paper and model legislative league meet once a week
the animal rights club meets once a month, but requires outside work
tennis and jujitsu would probably be once or twice a week
idk bout pilates

Here's how I break down your schedule:

English and History have a standard (medium) amount of work.

Bio, in high school, at any level besides AP, is pretty much a joke.

Spanish and Algebra 2, depending on your aptitude for language and math, respectively, can either be you easiest course or your hardest course. For me, math was ridiculously easy, while Latin was a pain in the a$$.

PE and Sewing - should be pretty easy, but if these two courses require outside work (especially sewing), can be time-consuming.

Extracurriculars: Can't really tell. How long/often do each of these clubs meet?

Everything depends on you and how well you can manage your time. I was more of an academic person rather than an extracurricular type, so freshmen year I ended up doing Honors English and History (yearlong), Latin II (yearlong), and AP Physics B (yearlong). For math, I took trigonometry the first trimester, took a trimester off, and started my school's 4-trimester-long AP Calculus BC course in the spring.

That, plus less extracurriculars than you (band, math team, community service) and 1 varsity sport and 1 JV sport, was pretty manageable to me.

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